MIAMI, FLORIDA – OCTOBER 31: A ‘We Accept (Food Stamps)’ sign hangs in the window of a grocery store on October 31, 2025 in Miami, Florida. The food stamp program, now known as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), may run out of funding on November 1st due to the federal government shutdown, which is now entering its second month. In Miami-Dade County, nearly one in six residents receives food assistance. (Photo by Joe Raedle/Getty Images)
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The Supreme Court on Friday night paused a federal judge’s order that the Trump administration must pay full SNAP benefits to 42 million Americans for November by the end of the day.
The move came hours after the 1st Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals in Boston denied the administration’s emergency request to halt the order, which relates to food stamp benefits for one-in-every-eight Americans.
But the appeals court also said that it was still considering staying the order pending the outcome of the administration’s appeal of the lower court’s ruling.
Supreme Court Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson, in the order on Friday night that allowed the administration to halt SNAP payments, pushed the 1st Circuit to quickly determine whether to stay the order or not pending the appeal.
“Given the First Circuit’s representations, an administrative stay is required to facilitate the First Circuit’s expeditious resolution of the pending stay motion,” Jackson wrote.
“It is ordered that the District Court’s orders are hereby administratively stayed pending disposition of the motion for a stay pending appeal in the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit,” Jackson wrote.
She said that the Supreme Court’s administrative stay of the judge’s ruling “will terminate forty-eight hours after the First Circuit’s resolution of the pending motion, which the First Circuit is expected to issue with dispatch.”
It is not clear to what extent the Supreme Court ruling will actually affect the payments of SNAP benefits.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture earlier Friday told states it would begin disbursing full SNAP benefits to comply with the federal district court order, even as the administration appealed the ruling.
The USDA’s memo did not suggest that the administration would renege on that plan even if a higher court blocked the order.
The administration last week said it would not pay any SNAP benefits in November because of the government shutdown, which began on Oct. 1 when Congress failed to pass a bill to provide short-term funding for federal programs, including food stamps. Past administrations have paid the benefits during other shutdowns.
A group of plaintiffs, comprised of cities, unions, nonprofits, and a retailer, then sued the administration in U.S. District Court in Rhode Island, asking Judge Jack McConnell to order that full benefits be paid for the month.
McConnell on Oct. 31 ordered the administration to disburse at least partial SNAP benefits as soon as possible by tapping a contingency fund containing $4.6 billion, which Congress had set aside for that purpose. He also ordered the administration to explore whether other pools of previously appropriated money could be used to fully fund SNAP, which costs about $8 billion per month.
The administration on Monday said it would pay 50% of SNAP benefits in November by using the contingency funds. But it refused to use another $4 billion from a so-called Section 32 fund that would have made up the difference in the SNAP payments.
The administration two days later said a re-calculation found it could pay 65% of the SNAP benefits from the contingency fund.
But the plaintiffs urged McConnell to order the administration to make the full SNAP payments from available funds.
The judge did so on Thursday, saying at a hearing that the administration’s decision to rule out Section 32 funds was “arbitrary and capricious.”
“People have gone without for too long,” McConnell said.
“The evidence shows that people will go hungry, food pantries will be overburdened, and needless suffering will occur” if SNAP is not fully funded, he wrote in an order.
The administration on Friday morning asked the 1st Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals to block McConnell’s order, even as the USDA issued its memo to states saying that it intended to comply with the ruling.
On Friday night, a three-judge panel on that appeals court denied the administration’s request.
The panel noted that “the government has not disputed that it may under [federal law] use the Section 32 fund to cover the provision of SNAP benefits for the month of November.”
But the panel also said that the “government’s motion for a stay pending appeal [of McConnell’s order] remains pending, and we intend to issue a decision on that motion as quickly as possible.”
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